Multicultural is a variety of cultural significance. Multicultural education was originally intended that the majority of the population can be tolerant of new immigrants and as means of social control authorities against its citizens, in order to secure and steady state conditions (Ainul Sure, 2005:23). Multicultural education into educational strategies applied in learning the various fields of study, by using differences in the characteristics and culture of learners in order to effectively facilitate the learning process of learners achieve the learning objectives. With multicultural education in the learning process, in addition to learners facilitated learning goals, can also build character so that learners are able to be democratic, humanist and pluralist in their environment. Because it’s the most important in multicultural education, teachers are not only required to master the material, but in a professional manner through the learning activities must be able to instill democratic values, humanism, and pluralism.
The concept of multicultural education include equal opportunity for every student to realize the full potential, preparing students to participate in inter-cultural society, active participation of schools eliminating discrimination and oppression in education, so as to produce graduates who are aware of the diversity between the members, student-centered education by taking into account individual characteristics, educators education programs that can accommodate the diversity of individual characteristics of students.
Thursday, 17 November 2011, my lecturer Mr. Marsigit told about his task in Tentative Program organized by APEC Ubon Ratchathani International Symposium 2011 about Innovation on Problem Solving - Based Mathematics Textbooks and E-Textbooks at 2-5 November 2011 in Hotel and Tourism Training Center Debaratana Siripabha Building Ubon Ratchathani University, they are as a participant, specialist speaker, and observer also commentator on open class 1st Grade. And his presentation’s tittle is “Teachers’ Simulation on Developing Problem Solving-Based Mathematics Textbook in Vocational Senior High School Mathematics Teaching in Indonesia”.
The problem of observation from the teacher is learning in first grade Elementary School , how the students are able to calculate the sum of 13 dragonfly. The teacher give students a paper that contain colorful picture of 13 dragonfly , in one group contain 5 students. Then teacher let the students using any method to calculate the sum of dragonfly. There is student that using method by give number in every dragonfly. After all students finished the problem, then they presented their method to calculate the sum of dragonfly in front of their friends. It is as one way to construct students ability of speaking and giving opinion.
Special Lecture by Prof. Shizumi Shimizu for Thai participants from Japan presented “In principle, Mathematics activities carried out as problem solving”. The sequence of it by starting with : generating wonder and questions, formulating problems by formalizing them understanding the problems, planning, implementing and reflecting on solution processes. He told that more important of his presentation is “end of a problem solving must be start for next challenge”. There he give example about finding out easier or more elegant approach (area of shape), using colorful shape and give pressing in picture about the measure of each length hope students will interested. To solve the problem also used distributive law for finding another approach. Each measure of length are 5 cm, 3 cm and 2 cm. First, each of measure has 4 same shape so 5x4+2x4+3x4. With other method, because 3 measure are have 4 same shape, so (5+2+3)x4. Then because the shape show that 5 cm length subscribe by 2 cm length and 5 cm length add by 2 cm length ,so {5+2+(5-2)}x4. And skip the 3 cm length, so (5x2)x4. All of the method give same result, that is 40 cm2.
Special Lecture by Prof. Masami Isoda for Thai participants , there are 3 big problems : the challenge of integrating student’s perspectives into teaching practice, the gap between theories / research and practices and the lack of learning theories on teachers and educators. Essentials of design approach by design based on adidactical adaption (conjecturing that factorized by conceptualizing, proving, problem solving, and procedural generating).
We must remember that the nature of students learn Mathematics : the student learn Mathematics effectively if they have good motivation and perception, the student will learn mathematics individually, the student can learn Mathematics in collaboration with others, the student learn Mathematics contextually.
The aim of psychology is construct the world of us. Life is expectations (study the response / result of any action undertaken ). We must have intention of looking for experience. The ability of thinking is expected Mathematical activities. Hope we can understand and respect the multicultural of Mathematics education by read and reflection what we have read.
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